ÖÇÄܰ²·ÀͨѶѡÐÍ£ºÀ¶ÑÀ¡¢Wi-Fi Óë LoRa ÔÚÃÅ´°±¨¾¯ÏµÍ³ÖеÄÉî¶ÈÆÊÎö

Ìí¼Óʱ¼ä£º
2025-06-03
ä¯ÀÀ´ÎÊý£º

ÔÚÖÇÄܼҾÓÓëÎïÁªÍøÊÖÒÕ¸ßËÙµü´úµÄ½ñÌ죬£¬£¬£¬ÃÅ´°±¨¾¯Æ÷ÒÑ´Ó¼òµ¥µÄÎïÀí·À»¤¹¤¾ßÉý¼¶ÎªÈÚºÏÖÇÄܸÐÖª¡¢ÍøÂçÁª¶¯ÓëÊý¾ÝÆÊÎöµÄ×ۺϰ²·Àϵͳ¡£¡£Í¨Ñ¶Ð­Òé×÷ΪÅþÁ¬ÖÕ¶Ë×°±¸ÓëÖпØÏµÍ³µÄ "Éñ¾­ÂöÂç"£¬£¬£¬£¬ÆäÑ¡ÔñÖ±½Ó¾öÒéÁ˱¨¾¯ÏµÍ³µÄÎȹÌÐÔ¡¢ÏìӦЧÂÊ¡¢Ðøº½ÄÜÁ¦¼°À©Õ¹Ç±Á¦¡£¡£±¾ÎĽ«´ÓÊÖÒÕÌØÕ÷¡¢³¡¾°ÊÊÅäÐÔÓë±¾Ç®Ð§ÒæµÈά¶È£¬£¬£¬£¬ÉîÈëÆÊÎöÀ¶ÑÀ£¨BLE£©¡¢Wi-Fi Óë LoRa ÈýÖÖÖ÷Á÷ͨѶ·½Ê½ÔÚÃÅ´°±¨¾¯ÁìÓòµÄÓ¦ÓÃÂß¼­¡£¡£

ÖÇÄܰ²·ÀͨѶѡÐÍ£ºÀ¶ÑÀ¡¢Wi-Fi Óë LoRa ÔÚÃÅ´°±¨¾¯ÏµÍ³ÖеÄÉî¶ÈÆÊÎö

Ò»¡¢ÊÖÒÕÌØÕ÷£ºÍ¨Ñ¶Ð­ÒéµÄ½¹µã²î±ð

1. À¶ÑÀ£¨BLE£©£º¶Ì¾àµÍ¹¦ºÄµÄÇáÁ¿»¯Ñ¡Ôñ

À¶ÑÀµÍ¹¦ºÄ£¨BLE£©ÊÖÒÕÒÔ "С¶ø¾«" Ϊ½¹µãÓÅÊÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬µä·¶´«Êä¾àÀëÔÚ 10-50 Ã×£¬£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄÉÐÇÐÍ»ò Mesh ÍøÂçÍØÆË¡£¡£Æäµ¥×°±¸¹¦ºÄ¼«µÍ£¬£¬£¬£¬Ò»Ã¶ CR2032 Ŧ¿Ûµç³Ø¿ÉÖ§³ÖÃÅ´Å´«¸ÐÆ÷ÊÂÇé 1 ÄêÒÔÉÏ£¬£¬£¬£¬Êʺϵ¥µã´¥·¢ÀàÇáÁ¿Í¨Ñ¶³¡¾°¡£¡£BLE 5.2 °æ±¾ÒýÈëÇå¾²Åä¶ÔÔöÇ¿»úÖÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ý AES ¼ÓÃܰü¹ÜÊý¾Ý´«ÊäÇå¾²£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«¹Å°åµã¶Ôµã¼Ü¹¹ÔÚ×°±¸ÊýÄ¿Áè¼Ý 10 ¸öʱ£¬£¬£¬£¬Mesh ÍøÂçµÄÖØÆ¯ºóÓ빦ºÄ»áÏÔÖøÉÏÉý¡£¡£


2. Wi-Fi£º¸ß´ø¿íϵÄÇ¿ÍøÂçÒÀÀµ

×÷Ϊ¼ÒÍ¥ÍøÂçµÄ»ù´¡ÉèÊ©£¬£¬£¬£¬Wi-Fi£¨802.11 ϵÁУ©ÒÀ¸½ 30-100 Ã×ÁýÕÖ¹æÄ£Óë¸ßÊý¾Ý´«ÊäËÙÂÊ£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÔÈ»Êʺϼ¯³ÉÊÓÆµ¼à¿ØµÄ¸´ºÏ±¨¾¯³¡¾°¡£¡£µ«Æä¹¦ºÄÌØÕ÷³ÉΪӲÉË ¡ª¡ª ³ÖÐøÁªÍø×´Ì¬Ï£¬£¬£¬£¬´«¸ÐÆ÷½Úµã´ý»úµçÁ÷¿É´ïºÁ°²¼¶£¬£¬£¬£¬Ô¶³¬ BLE µÄ΢°²¼¶Ë®Æ½£¬£¬£¬£¬Òò´Ë¸üÊʺÏÊе繩µçµÄÖÇÄÜÃÅËø»òÖпØ×°±¸¡£¡£Çå¾²²ãÃæ£¬£¬£¬£¬WPA3 ЭÒéÌṩÆóÒµ¼¶¼ÓÃÜ£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«Ì»Â¶ÓÚ»¥ÁªÍøµÄ·ÓÉÆ÷¿ÉÄܳÉΪºÚ¿Í¹¥»÷Èë¿Ú£¬£¬£¬£¬ÐèÌØÊâ°²ÅÅ·À»ðǽսÂÔ¡£¡£


3. LoRa£º¹ãÓòµÍ¹¦ºÄµÄÎïÁªÍøÐÂÐÇ

»ùÓÚ Chirp Spread Spectrum£¨CSS£©µ÷ÖÆÊÖÒÕ£¬£¬£¬£¬LoRa ÔÚ¿Õ¿õÇéÐÎÖÐͨѶ¾àÀë¿É´ï 1-10 ¹«À£¬£¬£¬ÅäºÏ LoRaWAN ЭÒé¿É¹¹½¨ÐÇÐÍÍØÆËµÄ´ó¹æÄ£´«¸ÐÍøÂç¡£¡£Æä "ÐÝÃß - ½ÐÐÑ" »úÖÆ½«´ý»ú¹¦ºÄѹ½µÖÁÄɰ²¼¶£¬£¬£¬£¬ÀíÂÛÉÏÖ§³Ö´«¸ÐÆ÷½Úµã 5 ÄêÒÔÉÏÃâ»»µç³Ø¡£¡£¶Ëµ½¶Ë AES-128 ¼ÓÃÜÓë LoRaWAN µÄÈý¼¶×°±¸ÈÏ֤ϵͳ£¬£¬£¬£¬Ê¹ÆäÔÚ¹¤Òµ°²·À³¡¾°Öо߱¸¿¹×ÌÈÅÓë·À¸Ä¶¯µÄË«ÖØÓÅÊÆ¡£¡£È»¶ø£¬£¬£¬£¬LoRa ϵͳÐè×ÔÁ¦°²ÅÅÍø¹Ø£¬£¬£¬£¬³õÆÚÓ²¼þ±¾Ç®¸ßÓÚÀ¶ÑÀÓë Wi-Fi¡£¡£


¶þ¡¢Òªº¦Ö¸±ê±ÈÕÕ£º³¡¾°ÊÊÅäµÄ¾öÒé¿ò¼Ü

1. ͨѶ¾àÀëÓëÇéÐδ©Í¸ÐÔ

ÔÚ¼ÒÍ¥³¡¾°ÖУ¬£¬£¬£¬BLE ¿ÉÖª×ã 80©OÒÔÏ»§Ð͵ÄÎÞËÀ½ÇÁýÕÖ£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«ÃæÁÙ±ðÊûµÄ»ìÄýÍÁǽÌå»ò³§·¿µÄ½ðÊô½á¹¹Ê±£¬£¬£¬£¬ÐźÅË¥¼õÂʿɴï 60% ÒÔÉÏ£¬£¬£¬£¬Ðèͨ¹ý Mesh Öм̽ڵãÔöÇ¿ÁýÕÖ¡£¡£Wi-Fi ËäÖ§³Ö¿çÂ¥²ã´«Ê䣬£¬£¬£¬µ«¶à¾¶Ð§Ó¦Ò×µ¼ÖÂÐźŲ¨¶¯£¬£¬£¬£¬´óÐͰ칫¿Õ¼äÐè°²ÅŶà¸ö AP ʵÏÖÎÞ·ìÖÜÓΡ£¡£LoRa ÔòÒÀ¸½³¬ÊӾഫÊäÄÜÁ¦£¬£¬£¬£¬ÇáËÉÁýÕÖÔ°Çø¡¢²Ö´¢µÈ³¬°ÙÃ×¹æÄ££¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÈÆäÊʺÏÅ©³¡Î§À¸±¨¾¯¡¢¿ÍÕ»ÃÅ´°¼à²âµÈ³¡¾°£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÞÐèÖм̼´¿ÉʵÏÖµ¥µã°²ÅÅ¡¢È«Óò¸ÐÖª¡£¡£


2. ¹¦ºÄÖÎÀíÓëÐøº½Éè¼Æ

¹ØÓÚµç³Ø¹©µçµÄÃÅ´°±¨¾¯Æ÷£¬£¬£¬£¬¹¦ºÄÖ±½Ó¾öÒéÔËά±¾Ç®¡£¡£BLE µÄÖÜÆÚÐԹ㲥»úÖÆ£¨ÈçÿÃë 1 ´Î״̬Éϱ¨£©Ï£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄêºÄµçÁ¿Ô¼ 15mAh£¬£¬£¬£¬µ¥µç³ØÐøº½¿É´ï 2-3 Äꣻ£»£»£»LoRa ½ÓÄÉÊÂÎñ´¥·¢Í¨Ñ¶Ä£Ê½£¬£¬£¬£¬½öÔÚÃÅ´°¿ªÊÊʱ½ÐÐÑ·¢ËÍÊý¾Ý£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄêºÄµçÁ¿¿ÉµÍÖÁ 5mAh£¬£¬£¬£¬´îÅäÄÜÁ¿ harvesting ÊÖÒÕÉõÖÁ¿ÉʵÏÖÓÀÊÀÐøº½¡£¡£·´¹Û Wi-Fi£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÝÈ»½ÓÄɽÚÄÜģʽ£¨PSM£©£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔºĵçÁ¿ÈÔÁè¼Ý 100mAh£¬£¬£¬£¬½öÊÊÓÃÓÚÖÇÄܲå×ùÈ¡µçµÄÀο¿×°±¸¡£¡£


3. ÍøÂçÀ©Õ¹ÐÔÓë°²Åű¾Ç®

СÐͼÒͥϵͳÖУ¬£¬£¬£¬À¶ÑÀ Mesh ¿ÉÖ§³ÖÔ¼ 32 ¸ö½Úµã£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«Ã¿ÔöÌí 10 ¸ö×°±¸£¬£¬£¬£¬ÍøÂçÑÓ³ÙÉÏÉý 20%£»£»£»£»Wi-Fi ÊÜÏÞÓÚ·ÓÉÆ÷²¢·¢ÅþÁ¬Êý£¨Í¨³£¡Ü20 ¸ö£©£¬£¬£¬£¬´ó¹æÄ£°²ÅÅÐèÉý¼¶ÆóÒµ¼¶ AC ¿ØÖÆÆ÷£»£»£»£»LoRa Íø¹Øµ¥×°±¸¿É½ÓÈëÊýǧ¸ö½Úµã£¬£¬£¬£¬ÇÒÖÕ¶Ë×°±¸¼´²å¼´Ó㬣¬£¬£¬ÊʺϹ¤ÒµÔ°Çø¡¢Á¬ËøÉÌÆÌµÈÐèÒªÊý°Ù´«¸ÐÆ÷½ÚµãµÄ³¡¾°¡£¡£´Ó±¾Ç®¿´£¬£¬£¬£¬À¶ÑÀÄ£×éµ¥¼ÛÔ¼ 5-10 Ôª£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÊºÏ C ¶ËÁãÊÛÊг¡£¡£»£»£»£»LoRa ÖÕ¶Ë + Íø¹ØµÄ³õÆÚͶÈëԼΪÀ¶ÑÀ·½°¸µÄ 3-5 ±¶£¬£¬£¬£¬µ« 5 ÄêÖÜÆÚÄÚµÄά»¤±¾Ç®½öΪÀ¶ÑÀ·½°¸µÄ 1/3¡£¡£

ÖÇÄܰ²·ÀͨѶѡÐÍ£ºÀ¶ÑÀ¡¢Wi-Fi Óë LoRa ÔÚÃÅ´°±¨¾¯ÏµÍ³ÖеÄÉî¶ÈÆÊÎö

Èý¡¢³¡¾°»¯Ñ¡ÐÍÖ¸ÄÏ

³¡¾°»¯Ñ¡ÐÍÐèÆ¥ÅäÐèÇó£º

С»§ÐͼÒÍ¥£ºÑ¡ BLE£¬£¬£¬£¬±¾Ç®µÍ£¨µ¥×°±¸£¼50 Ôª£©¡¢×°Öñã½Ý£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÊÅäÃÅ´°´ÅµÈÇáÁ¿×°±¸£¬£¬£¬£¬µÍ¹¦ºÄÖª×ã»ù´¡°²·À¡£¡£

ÖÐÐÍסլ / °ì¹«ÊÒ£ºÓà BLE+Wi-Fi »ìÏý·½°¸£¬£¬£¬£¬´«¸ÐÆ÷ BLE ½µ¹¦ºÄ£¬£¬£¬£¬ÖÐ¿Ø Wi-Fi ÁªÍø£¬£¬£¬£¬¼æ¹ËÐøº½ÓëÔ¶³Ì¼à¿Ø¡£¡£

Á¬ËøÉÌÆÌ / ²Ö´¢£ºÑ¡ LoRa£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö§³Ö¿çÂ¥²ã / ÐÞ½¨¶àµãî¿Ïµ¡¢Êý°Ù½Úµãͬ²½±¨¾¯£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊʺÏÒ¹¼äÎÞÈËÖµÊØ³¡¾°¡£¡£

¹¤ÒµÔ°Çø / Å©³¡£¡£ºÓà LoRa+NB-IoT£¬£¬£¬£¬ÁýÕÖ 10 ¹«Àï¼¶³¬Ô¶¾àÀ룬£¬£¬£¬ÊµÏÖǰ¶ËÊÕÂÞÓë¿çÇøÓòÁª¶¯£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÊÅä´óÃæ»ý°²ÅÅ¡£¡£

ÎÞÍøÂçÆ«Ô¶Çø£ºÑ¡ LoRa ÍâµØÍø¹Ø£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÔÁ¦ÔËÐС¢Ö§³Ö±ßÑØÅÌËãÓëÍâµØ±¨¾¯£¬£¬£¬£¬µÖÓù¶ÏÍø·çÏÕ¡£¡£


ËÄ¡¢Î´À´Ç÷ÊÆ£º¶àЭÒéÈںϵÄÖÇÄܰ²·ÀÉú̬

¼òµ¥Í¨Ñ¶Ð­ÒéÄÑÒÔÖª×ãÖØ´ó³¡¾°µÄ¶àÔª»¯ÐèÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬»ìÏý×éÍøÕý³ÉΪÖ÷Á÷·½°¸¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬£¬¼ÒÍ¥³¡¾°ÖнÓÄÉ BLE ÅþÁ¬ÃÅ´°´«¸ÐÆ÷£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ý Wi-Fi ½«±¨¾¯Êý¾ÝÉÏ´«Ôƶˣ»£»£»£»¹¤Òµ³¡¾°ÖУ¬£¬£¬£¬LoRa ÈÏÕæÇ°¶Ë×°±¸ÊÕÂÞ£¬£¬£¬£¬5G / ¹âÏ˳ÐÔØºó¶ËÊý¾Ý´¦Àí£¬£¬£¬£¬ÐÎ³É "¶Ì¾àµÍ¹¦ºÄ + ³¤¾à¸ß¿É¿¿" µÄÁ¢ÌåÍ¨Ñ¶ÍøÂç¡£¡£ÕâÖÖ·Ö²ã¼Ü¹¹¼È½µµÍÖն˹¦ºÄ£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÖ°ü¹Ü½¹µãÊý¾ÝµÄ´«ÊäЧÂÊ£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¬Ê±Í¨¹ýЭÒéת»»Íø¹ØÊµÏÖ²î±ðÍøÂçµÄÎÞ·ì¶Ô½Ó¡£¡£


Îå¡¢ÊÖÒÕÑ¡ÔñµÄʵÖÊÊÇÐèÇóÆ¥Åä

ÃÅ´°±¨¾¯Æ÷µÄͨѶЭÒéÑ¡ÐÍ£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊµÖÊÊÇÔÚÁýÕÖ¹æÄ£¡¢¹¦ºÄ¡¢±¾Ç®ÓëÇå¾²ÐÔÖ®¼äѰÕÒ×îÓŽâ¡£¡£¹ØÓÚͨË×¼ÒÍ¥£¬£¬£¬£¬BLE ÒÔ¸ßÐÔ¼Û±ÈʵÏÖ»ù´¡·À»¤£»£»£»£»ÉÌÒµ³¡¾°ÖУ¬£¬£¬£¬LoRa ÒÀ¸½¹ãÓòÁýÕÖÓëµÍÔËά±¾Ç®³ÉΪÊ×Ñ¡£¡£»£»£»£»¶ø Wi-Fi ÔòÔÚÐèÒªÒôÊÓÆµÁª¶¯µÄ¸ß¶Ë³¡¾°Öв»¿ÉÌæ»»¡£¡£Ëæ×ÅÎïÁªÍøÊÖÒÕµÄÉú³¤£¬£¬£¬£¬"ЭÒéÎÞ¹ØÐÔ" ½«³ÉΪδÀ´°²·ÀϵͳµÄ½¹µãÌØÕ÷ ¡ª¡ª ÖÕ¶Ë×°±¸Æ¾Ö¤ÇéÐÎ×Ô¶¯Çл»Í¨Ñ¶Ä£Ê½£¬£¬£¬£¬×îÖÕʵÏÖ "ÎÞ¸ÐÅþÁ¬¡¢ÖÇÄÜÏìÓ¦" µÄ×îÖÕ°²·ÀÌåÑé¡£¡£Ñ¡ÔñºÎÖÖÊÖÒÕ²¢·ÇÖյ㣬£¬£¬£¬¶øÊÇÆ¾Ö¤³¡¾°ÐèÇó¹¹½¨ÎÞа¡¢¿É¿¿µÄÍ¨Ñ¶ÍøÂçµÄÆðµã¡£¡£